Summary:

Gerunds (past tense).

Source: Introduction to Sanskrit (4th Ed) – Thomas Egenes – Part One

This session deals with: CH12, pg 161-162.

Resources:

• Group exercises
• Complimentary Study Material:
  1. Listen to Short Sanskrit Stories
  2. Sample Sanskrit <-> English Sentences
  3. Learn Sanskrit in 30 Day : Start from pg 31 for vocab. Soon exercises will start.

Gerund:

• Please learn the gerunds on page 162.
• Indicates prior action. IE: Having seen… OR After seeing…
• Doer of gerund, must also be doer of main verb.
• Gerund remains same irrespective if main verb is past/present/future.
• How to form? √root + tvā  त्वा  (or ya य  if verb has prefix)
  • EG:
    •                    √smṛ स्मृ    +   tvā  त्वा   =  smṛtvā  स्मृत्वा     =  Having remembered (OR) After remembering…
    • ā ^(prefix) +  √gam गम्  +    ya  य     =  āgamya  आगम्य  =  Having come  (OR)  After coming…
• LOGIC:
  • All you do is take meaning of √root and turn it into past tense.  EG: Meaning of √smṛ स्मृ  is “to remember”. Thus adding tvā त्वा, it becomes: Having remembered (OR) After remembering.
• ORDER:
  • (ACC  GERUND)   (EVERYTHING ELSE AS USUAL)
• Examples:
  • (After coming from the house), the man speaks to his wife.
    (gṛhāt āgamya) naraḥ tasya bhāryām vadati
    (गृहात्  आगम्य)  नरः  तस्य  भार्याम्  वदति
  • (Having remembered the delicious food), the man eats it.
    (svādhiṣṭham^acc bhojanam^acc smṛtvā)  naraḥ tat^acc khādati
    (स्वाधिष्ठम्  भोजनम्  स्मृत्वा)   नरः  तत्  खादति
    
  • (Having come to the village and having seen my friends), I am very happy.
    (grāmam^acc āgamya   mama mitrāni^acc dṛṣṭvā) aham atīva sukham asmi    (notice you don't need “ca“)
    (ग्रामम्  आगम्य  मम  मित्रानि  दृष्ट्वा)  अहम्  अतीव  सुखम् अस्मि

Homework:

• We meet up again 18 April for Semester 2 (CH13-18). Use this opportunity to address weak spots. CH13+ is next level.
  
• VERSE:
  • Chant and familiarize with latest verse “On every mountain“.
• ASSIGNMENT:
  • Deadline for Assignment 3 due: April 18 2021. Submit to [email protected]. Can write or type devanāgarī. No Roman/IAST. 
  • NOTE: First memorize the gerunds on pg 162 and do exercises in CH12, before attempting this assignment.
    
  • Paradigm for “river” is in Little Red Book, pg 11.
• BOOK:
  • Memorize gerunds on pg 162.
  • Memorize new vocab on pg 163.
  • Do CH12 exercises on pg 164-165.
• 30 MINUTES PER DAY MINIMUM CHALLENGE:
  • This time isn't a break. It's an opportunity to address weak areas and improve them (paradigm, vocab, devanagari, unfinished exercises).

Questions:

You'll have more questions throughout the course. How to ask? Leave in comments below, so others can also benefit. We'll respond within 48 hours. Only ask specific to this Lesson.

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Recorded 21 March, 2021